Date Approved
2023
Degree Type
Open Access Dissertation
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Department or School
Leadership and Counseling
Committee Member
Raul Leon, PhD
Committee Member
Carmen McCallum, PhD
Committee Member
Calvin Phillips, EdD
Committee Member
Rema Vassar, PhD
Committee Member
Davis Clement, PhD
Abstract
This study is concerned with the fact that commuter students persist at a lower rate than their residential peers. As colleges and universities seek to increase educational attainment rates, understanding why commuter students struggle with retention is important. Research shows sense of belonging can positively affect intention to persist. As such, the guiding research question for this study was as follows: How do commuter students develop a sense of belonging in their university? This research was conducted at a large, public, primarily nonresidential, doctoral university in the Midwestern United States. This study utilized constructivist grounded theory methodology to understand how commuter students make meaning of their experiences with belonging. Primary data were collected through interviews with commuter students and a document analysis of the archive of the National Clearinghouse for Commuter Programs was also performed. Interviews and documents were analyzed using the constant comparative method, and the resulting codes were categorized into central themes. These themes were used to develop a model of college student belonging. The study revealed that commuter students experienced belonging in a fluid state, continually adding to and detracting from an overall sense of belonging. Further, this study revealed that commuter students utilize certain strategies and behaviors in response to their sense of belonging and take action to re-engage in the campus environment. Lastly, the study showed that informal interactions with peers, faculty, and staff were shown to positively impact sense of belonging. The author also discusses implications for practice and recommendations for future research.
Recommended Citation
Barnhart, Amy M., "Using grounded theory to understand how commuter students develop a sense of belonging" (2023). Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations. 1197.
https://commons.emich.edu/theses/1197